-
1 award
ə'wo:d 1. verb1) (to give (someone something that he has won or deserved): They awarded her first prize.) gi, tildele2) (to give: He was awarded damages of $5,000.) tilkjenne2. noun(a prize etc awarded: The film awards were presented annually.) pris, premieprisIsubst. \/əˈwɔːd\/1) pris, belønning, stipendium, erstatning2) ( jus) kjennelse (spesielt voldgiftskjennelse)IIverb \/əˈwɔːd\/1) tildele, belønne med, tilkjenne2) ( jus) avsi, felle (en dom), tilkjenne -
2 deservedly
deservedly [dɪˈzɜ:vɪdlɪ]• deservedly, she was awarded an Oscar elle a reçu un Oscar bien mérité* * *[dɪ'zɜːvɪdlɪ]adverb à juste titre -
3 Cousteau, Jacques-Yves
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 11 June 1910 Saint-André-de-Cubzac, France[br]French marine explorer who invented the aqualung.[br]He was the son of a country lawyer who became legal advisor and travelling companion to certain rich Americans. At an early age Cousteau acquired a love of travel, of the sea and of cinematography: he made his first film at the age of 13. After an interrupted education he nevertheless passed the difficult entrance examination to the Ecole Navale in Brest, but his naval career was cut short in 1936 by injuries received in a serious motor accident. For his long recuperation he was drafted to Toulon. There he met Philippe Tailliez, a fellow naval officer, and Frédéric Dumas, a champion spearfisher, with whom he formed a long association and began to develop his underwater swimming and photography. He apparently took little part in the Second World War, but under cover he applied his photographic skills to espionage, for which he was awarded the Légion d'honneur after the war.Cousteau sought greater freedom of movement underwater and, with Emile Gagnan, who worked in the laboratory of Air Liquide, he began experimenting to improve portable underwater breathing apparatus. As a result, in 1943 they invented the aqualung. Its simple design and robust construction provided a reliable and low-cost unit and revolutionized scientific and recreational diving. Gagnan shunned publicity, but Cousteau revelled in the new freedom to explore and photograph underwater and exploited the publicity potential to the full.The Undersea Research Group was set up by the French Navy in 1944 and, based in Toulon, it provided Cousteau with the Opportunity to develop underwater exploration and filming techniques and equipment. Its first aims were minesweeping and exploration, but in 1948 Cousteau pioneered an extension to marine archaeology. In 1950 he raised the funds to acquire a surplus US-built minesweeper, which he fitted out to further his quest for exploration and adventure and named Calypso. Cousteau also sought and achieved public acclaim with the publication in 1953 of The Silent World, an account of his submarine observations, illustrated by his own brilliant photography. The book was an immediate success and was translated into twenty-two languages. In 1955 Calypso sailed through the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean, and the outcome was a film bearing the same title as the book: it won an Oscar and the Palme d'Or at the Cannes film festival. This was his favoured medium for the expression of his ideas and observations, and a stream of films on the same theme kept his name before the public.Cousteau's fame earned him appointment by Prince Rainier as Director of the Oceanographie Institute in Monaco in 1957, a post he held until 1988. With its museum and research centre, it offered Cousteau a useful base for his worldwide activities.In the 1980s Cousteau turned again to technological development. Like others before him, he was concerned to reduce ships' fuel consumption by harnessing wind power. True to form, he raised grants from various sources to fund research and enlisted technical help, namely Lucien Malavard, Professor of Aerodynamics at the Sorbonne. Malavard designed a 44 ft (13.4 m) high non-rotating cylinder, which was fitted onto a catamaran hull, christened Moulin à vent. It was intended that its maiden Atlantic crossing in 1983 should herald a new age in ship propulsion, with large royalties to Cousteau. Unfortunately the vessel was damaged in a storm and limped to the USA under diesel power. A more robust vessel, the Alcyone, was fitted with two "Turbosails" in 1985 and proved successful, with a 40 per cent reduction in fuel consumption. However, oil prices fell, removing the incentive to fit the new device; the lucrative sales did not materialize and Alcyone remained the only vessel with Turbosails, sharing with Calypso Cousteau's voyages of adventure and exploration. In September 1995, Cousteau was among the critics of the decision by the French President Jacques Chirac to resume testing of nuclear explosive devices under the Mururoa atoll in the South Pacific.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsLégion d'honneur. Croix de Guerre with Palm. Officier du Mérite Maritime and numerous scientific and artistic awards listed in such directories as Who's Who.Bibliography1953, The Silent World.1972, The Ocean World of Jacques Cousteau, 21 vols.Further ReadingR.Munson, 1991, Cousteau, the Captain and His World, London: Robert Hale (published in the USA 1989).LRD
См. также в других словарях:
Oscar Isaac — Born Oscar Isaac Hernandez[1] January 5, 1980 (1980 01 05) (age 31) Guatemala Years active 2002–present Oscar Isaac (born Oscar Isaac Hernández; January 5, 1980) is an A … Wikipedia
The Departed — Theatrical release poster Directed by Martin Scorsese Produced by … Wikipedia
The Legend of Zorro — Directed by Martin Campbell Produced by Steven Spielberg … Wikipedia
The Way of All Flesh (film) — The Way of All Flesh is a 1927 film that was written by Lajos Biró, Jules Furthman, Julian Johnson and Ernest Maas from a story by Perley Poore Sheehan. The film was directed by Victor Fleming and is unrelated to Butler s novel The Way of All… … Wikipedia
Twin Towers (film) — Infobox Film name = Twin Towers image size = caption = director = Bill Guttentag Robert David Port producer = writer = narrator = starring = music = cinematography = editing = distributor = released = 2003 runtime = Short: 34 min. country = U.S.A … Wikipedia
The Deer Hunter — For other uses, see Deer Hunter (disambiguation). The Deer Hunter Theatrical poster … Wikipedia
The Hurt Locker — Hurt Locker redirects here. For the song by American Rapper Xzibit, see Hurt Locker (song). The Hurt Locker … Wikipedia
Oscar Niemeyer International Cultural Centre — Niemeyer Centre Panorama Oscar Niemeyer International Cultural Centre Centro Cultural Internacional Os … Wikipedia
The Reader — For the film based on the book, see The Reader (2008 film). For other uses, see The Reader (disambiguation). The Reader … Wikipedia
The Bridge on the River Kwai — This article is about the film. For the novel, see The Bridge over the River Kwai. The Bridge on the River Kwai Original release poster Directed by … Wikipedia
The Phantom of Liberty (film) — Infobox Film name = The Phantom of Liberty (Le Fantôme de la liberté) caption = director = Luis Buñuel producer = Serge Silberman Ulrich Picard writer = Luis Buñuel Jean Claude Carrière starring = Adriana Asti Julien Bertheau Jean Rochefort Jean… … Wikipedia
